Transformation of Conventional Agricultural Farming System by Hydroponic Technologies

Research Blogs:

With the increasing population and decreasing fertile land area has raised various issues especially the quality and quantity of our Agriculture sector for the fulfilment of nutritious food for better growth. Hydroponics is versatile technique which do not need any soil for growing plants under the controlled climatic conditions like as; temperature, viscosity, concentration, pH and specific micro-nutrients in a soluble form. In contrast to soil such Hydroponic plants attained their root growth in micro-nutrient enriched solution or supported by an inert medium like perlite, gravel, or rockwool for providing better stability to the developing plants.

Such revolutionized technology provide fastest growth, higher yields and require less amount of water as against conventional agricultural system. With the current scientific innovations, the dimensions of agriculture sector become multi-folds as our conventional farming practices.

The Farmers are adopting new technologies which having higher yields even on the utilization that can produce more food using fewer resources. One of the most exciting improvements in modern farming is ‘Hydroponic Agriculture System’ the ground-breaking technology found free of soil obligations.

Mechanism of Hydroponic Plants:

Hydroponics plants grow without soil, by utilizing micronutrients enriched medium to transport various nutrients to roots without any need of plant transportation systems of vascular tissues like xylem or phloem. The roots of plants absorb various mixture of water and minerals in optimum concentration. This direct delivery allows plants to use energy for growth rather than root development, resulting in faster growth and higher yields.  

Nutrients Transport:

Plants are provided with essential minerals directly to the Plants through soluble forms across their roots as compare to soil-based systems. 

Oxygen intake: 

Plants need oxygen for their metabolic pathways, can be dispersed through water transportation system.  

Mechanical Support for Plants: 

Plants need physical support for their roots. This is provided either by growing them freely in the water or by using an inert substrate like perlite, gravel, sand, or clay pellets. 

Controlled Environment: 

Hydroponics allows for superior control over all micro-elements of plant growth, such as pH and nutrient content, which are regulated to optimize plant metabolism and yield as well. The term lettuce is widely preferred among the crops with fast and efficient growth, low maintenance and highest market demand, due to its sustainability, efficiency and futuristic farming promising challenges.

Types of Hydroponic Systems:

Nutrient Film Technique: 

A pump sends a thin film of nutrient-rich water flowing continuously over the roots, which are typically in a channel or rail. The water then drains back to the reservoir. 

 Deep Water Culture : 

Plant roots are suspended directly in a nutrient-rich, oxygenated water reservoir. An air pump and air stone are used to provide the necessary oxygen to the roots. 

Drip System: 

A pump slowly drips nutrient solution directly onto the base of each plant. The excess solution can be collected and recirculated, or it can run off and not be reused. 

Continuous flow: 

This method involves periodically flooding a tray of plants with the nutrient solution and then allowing it to drain back into a reservoir.  

Advantages of Hydroponic Systems over Conventional Agricultural System:

droponics uses fertiliser solutions that are specifically matched to the demands of the plant being cultivated. They allow you to precisely control how much and for how long the plants receive light

            1.     Faster growth in the Hydroponic plants

2.     Higher yields occur in the modern technology of Hydroponics  

3.     Water conservation in contrast to conventional agricultural farming system  

4.     Saving of space as against conventional farming  

5.  Such plants can be grown around the year under control environmental conditions like temperature, air flow etc.

6.  Only lower concentration of Pesticides may be use as compare to conventional farming to save our health.  



Written by

Dr Shiv Om Pratap

Associate Professor, Institute of Biological Sciences, SAGE University, Indore 

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